Azimuth

Azimuth is an angular measurement of direction. In solar PV documents, it records which way a module, roof face or array faces against a stated reference direction. MCS 032 measures PV module azimuth relative to due south, with south as 0°, south-east or south-west as 45° and east or west as 90°; PVGIS uses a signed convention where -90° is east, 0° is south and 90° is west. Azimuth is not the same as tilt, shading, array layout, annual generation, DNO approval or installation quality.